THE INTRODUCTION OF THE INTERNET GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1999 --
HON. RICK BOUCHER (Extensions of Remarks - May 05, 1999)
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HON. RICK BOUCHER
OF VIRGINIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
WEDNESDAY, MAY 5, 1999
- Mr. BOUCHER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with my Virginia colleague BOB
GOODLATTE, with whom I am privileged to cochair the Congressional Internet
Caucus, in the introduction of two bills which taken together will address the
major challenges confronting the Internet today.
- Heretofore, congressional debates on issues affecting the Internet have
been ad hoc and have addressed single issues only. The legislation we are
introducing today will provide the first comprehensive framework for debate by
the Congress of the major current Internet policy challenges.
- The passage of both bills will truly promote the growth and development of
the Internet:
- First, passage of the legislation will result in greater broadband
deployment and an increase in the speed by which people connect to the
Internet from their homes and their places of work. Telephone companies will
be required to file plans with state public service commissions for the
deployment of DSL services in all local exchanges where the deployment is both
technolgicially feasible and economically reasonable. Today, only 50,000
subscribers nationwide have DSL service. Our legislation will result in those
numbers increasing dramatically.
- We also seek to encourage competition in the provision of DSL services by
reducing the regulatory burden on the offering of DSL for telephone companies
which agree to make reconditioned loops for the provision of DSL services
available in a timely fashion to competitors.
- To ensure an increase in Internet backbone capacity and to stimulate
competition in the offering of backbone services, the legislation enables Bell
Operating Companies to carry data across LATA boundaries to the extent that
the data is not a voice-only service, whether or not the Bell Operating
Company has obtained approval to offer inter-LATA services under section 271
of the 1996 Act. This provision will strongly encourage investment in the
Internet backbone and the creation of greater competition among Internet
backbone providers. That competition is essential to assure the retention of
the current peering arrangements which promote low-cost Internet
services.
- Our legislation gives legal voice to the policies of Internet Service
Providers which are designed to protect their facilities from bulk mailings of
unsolicited electronic advertisements. Spam can seriously degrade the
performance of the Internet and clog the facilities of Internet Access
Providers to the disadvantage of all users. In some instances, Internet
Service Provider facilities have even crashed due to the onslaught of spam. If
service providers have restrictive policies concerning the
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use of their facilities by spammers, those
policies should be enforced, and our legislation provides the mechanism for
the enforcement.
- Our legislation also makes it a criminal offense intentionally to falsify
Internet domain, header information, date or time stamps, originating e-mail
addresses or other e-mail identifiers or intentionally to sell or distribute
any computer program which is designed or produced primarily for the purpose
of concealing the source of routing information of bulk unsolicited electronic
mail. This provision strikes at the practice of bulk e-mailers who through the
use of specially designed software change the origination information in
e-mail messages as each small cluster of messages is sent. That practice is
used to defeat the blocking software of Internet Service Providers which
deflects from their facilities large volumes of messages originating from a
single source.
- The legislation will encourage electronic commerce by giving full
authorization to properly authenticated electronic signatures. A variety of
laws require a written document with a written signature for the
enforceability for certain kinds of contracts. Our legislation will give full
legal effect to contracts constructed online and prevent either party from
disavowing the contract due to the absence of a physical written signature, if
the identity of the contracting parties is properly authenticated and if
certainty is created that the text of any document they construct has not been
changed. The legislation sets forth specifics for obtaining that
authentication.
- We propose to create a new right of privacy for Internet users. In
response to the growing practice of web site operators of collecting
information from web site users either directly through a registration form or
indirectly through the implantation of a ``cookie'' on the user's hard disk,
the legislation requires that all web site operators post their information
collection and use policies in a conspicuous manner so that web site users
will be informed of the information collected and the use to which that
information is put and have an opportunity to exit the web site without any
information being collected if the visitor objects to that collection and use
of information. The provision will be enforced by the Federal Trade
Commission.
- Finally, we propose to assure that all Americans retain complete freedom
to select the Internet access provider of their choice. As the Internet has
grown and developed, most Americans have connected to the Internet over
telephone lines. While the telephone company has provided the transport,
everyone has been free to select the company that will provide the Internet
access. Even in instances where telephone companies offer both transport and
Internet access services, the law has protected the right of the telephone
company's customers to select an Internet access provider other than the
telephone company.
- Unfortunately, as the cable industry begins the deployment of cable modem
services, a different model is being pursued. At the present time, there is no
federal law restricting the ability of cable companies to package their
transport services and their affiliated Internet access services and require
that customers purchasing high-speed transport also purchase the cable
company's affiliated Internet access service. The largest cable multiple
system operators are, in fact, bundling transport with Internet access and
requiring that the affiliated Internet access services be purchased by cable
modem customers.
- There are more than 2,000 Internet access providers nationwide. The vast
majority of the ISPs are startup companies who have brought a new level of
entrepreneurship to the telecommunications industry. Many of them will become
the competitive local exchange carriers who will offer competition not only in
the provision of Internet access, but in the offering of local telephone
service and other telecommunications services as well. They will be important
contributors to the competitive local exchange industry we envisioned when we
wrote the Telecommunications Act of 1996.
- But these ISPs are severely threatened by the deployment by cable
television companies of broadband Internet transport connections which also
bundle affiliated Internet access services. The broad bandwidth of these
services will surely attract a large clientele, much of which will be the
existing customer base of independent ISP's.
- If the cable television companies are permitted to force their cable modem
customers to purchase their affiliated Internet access services as a condition
of subscribing to their high speed transport service, many independent ISP's
will be foreclosed from a large portion of their existing customer base and
from market growth opportunities. The legislation we are offering today
assures that this anticompetitive practice will not occur and that all
Internet transport platforms in the future will be open, much as telephone
company transport platforms are open today.
- I am pleased to be participating on a bipartisan basis with Representative
GOODLATTE in offering this legislation, the enactment of which will
assure that the Internet more rapidly achieves its potential to be the
multimedia platform of choice for the delivery of voice, video and data.
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