HR 159 IH
106th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 159
To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to lower the maximum
capital gains rate to 15 percent with respect to assets held for more than 3
years, to replace the estate and gift tax rate schedules, and for other
purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
January 6, 1999
Mr. HILL of Montana (for himself, Mr. TALENT, Mrs. CHENOWETH, and Mr.
SCHAFFER) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on
Ways and Means
A BILL
To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to lower the maximum
capital gains rate to 15 percent with respect to assets held for more than 3
years, to replace the estate and gift tax rate schedules, and for other
purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the `American Dream Tax Fairness Equity Act of
1997'.
SEC. 2. REDUCTION OF MAXIMUM CAPITAL GAINS RATE FOR INDIVIDUALS TO 15
PERCENT WITH RESPECT TO ASSETS HELD FOR MORE THAN 3 YEARS.
(a) IN GENERAL- Subsection (h) of section 1 of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986 (relating to tax imposed) is amended to read as follows:
`(h) MAXIMUM CAPITAL GAINS RATE-
`(1) IN GENERAL- If a taxpayer has a net capital gain for any taxable
year, then the tax imposed by this section shall not exceed the sum
of--
`(A) a tax computed at the rates and in the same manner as if this
subsection had not been enacted on the greater of--
`(i) taxable income reduced by the amount of the net capital gain,
or
`(ii) the amount of taxable income taxed at a rate below 28
percent,
`(B) 15 percent of qualified 3-year capital gain (to the extent not
taken into account under subparagraph (A)), and
`(C) 28 percent of the excess (if any) of taxable income over the
amounts taken into account under subparagraphs (A) and (B).
`(2) QUALIFIED 3-YEAR CAPITAL GAIN- For purposes of this subsection, the
term `qualified 3-year capital gain' means the lesser of--
`(A) net long-term capital gain for the taxable year, determined by
substituting `held for more than 3 years' for `held for more than 1 year'
in paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 1222, or
`(B) net capital gain for such taxable year.
`(3) COORDINATION WITH INVESTMENT INCOME ELECTION- For purposes of this
subsection, the net capital gain for any taxable year shall be reduced (but
not below zero) by the amount which the taxpayer elects to take into account
as investment income for the taxable year under section
163(d)(4)(B)(iii).'
(b) EFFECTIVE DATE- The amendment made by this section shall apply to
taxable years beginning after December 31, 1997.
SEC. 2. REPLACEMENT OF ESTATE AND GIFT TAX RATE SCHEDULES.
(a) ESTATE TAX RATE SCHEDULE REPLACED BY 15 AND 28 PERCENT TAX RATES-
(1) IN GENERAL- Subsection (b) of section 2001 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 (relating to imposition and rate of tax) is amended to read as
follows:
`(b) COMPUTATION OF TAX- The amount imposed by this section shall be--
`(1) 15 percent of all qualified 3-year capital gain (within the meaning
of section 1(h)) included in the taxable estate, and
`(2) 28 percent of all capital gain (other than such qualified 3-year
capital gain) included in the taxable estate,
determined as if all property included in the taxable estate had been sold
for its fair market value on the date of the decedent's death (or the date
applicable with respect to the valuation of such property under section 2032,
if any).'
(2) REPEAL OF RATE SCHEDULE- Section 2001 of such Code is amended by
striking subsection (c).
(3) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS- Section 2001 of such Code is amended by
striking subsections (d) and (e).
(b) REDUCTION OF GIFT TAX- Subsection (a) of section 2502 of such Code is
amended to read as follows:
`(a) COMPUTATION OF TAX- The tax imposed by section 2501 for each calendar
year shall be--
`(1) 15 percent of all qualified 3-year capital gain (as defined in
section 1(h)) contained in the taxable gifts made during such year,
and
`(2) 28 percent of all capital gain (other than such qualified 3-year
capital gain) contained in such taxable gifts,
determined, with respect to each such gift, as if all property contained
in such gift had been sold by the grantor for its fair market value on the
date of such gift.'
(c) UNIFIED CREDIT AGAINST ESTATE AND GIFT TAXES-
(1) UNIFIED CREDIT AGAINST ESTATE TAX- Subsection (a) of section 2010 of
such Code (relating to unified credit against estate tax) is amended to read
as follows:
`(a) ALLOWANCE OF CREDIT-
`(1) GENERAL RULE- A credit of the amount determined under paragraph (2)
shall be allowed to the estate of every decedent against the tax imposed by
section 2001.
`(2) AMOUNT OF CREDIT- The amount determined under this paragraph is the
amount equal to the sum of--
`(A) the tax imposed under section 2001(b)(2) (to the extent that such
tax is imposed on so much of the imputed capital gains amount as does not
exceed $600,000), and
`(B) the tax imposed under section 2001(b)(1) on the excess (if any)
of--
`(i) so much of the imputed capital gains amount as does not exceed
$600,000, over
`(ii) the portion of the imputed capital gains amount taken into
account under subparagraph (A).
`(3) IMPUTED CAPITAL GAINS AMOUNT- For purposes of this subsection, the
term `imputed capital gains amount' means the aggregate amount to which the
rates of section 2001(b) apply.
`(4) COORDINATION WITH UNIFIED CREDIT USED TO REDUCE GIFT TAX-
`(A) IN GENERAL- The $600,000 amounts referred to in subparagraphs (A)
and (B)(i) of paragraph (2) shall each be reduced by the cumulative gift
tax credit amount.
`(B) CUMULATIVE GIFT TAX CREDIT AMOUNT- For purposes of this
paragraph, the term `cumulative gift tax credit amount' means the sum of
the capital gains gift amounts (as defined in section 2505(a)(3)) with
respect to which a credit was allowed under section 2505 (relating to
unified credit against gift tax), determined by not taking into account
any gift included in the taxable estate.'
(2) UNIFIED CREDIT AGAINST GIFT TAX- Subsection (a) of section 2505 of
such Code (relating to unified credit against gift tax) is amended to read
as follows:-
`(a) ALLOWANCE OF CREDIT-
`(1) GENERAL RULE- In the case of a citizen or resident of the United
States, there shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by
section 2501 for each calendar year an amount equal to--
`(A) the amount determined under paragraph (2), reduced by--
`(B) the sum of the amounts allowable as a credit to the individual
under this section for all preceding calendar periods with respect to
gifts made before the gift tax change date, as determined under paragraph
(4).
`(2) AMOUNT- The amount determined under this paragraph is the amount
equal to the sum of--
`(A) the tax imposed under section 2502(a)(2) for the year on the
capital gains gift amount, and
`(B) the tax imposed under section 2502(a)(1) for the year on the
excess (if any) of--
`(i) the capital gains gift amount for the year, over
`(ii) the portion of such capital gains gift amount taken into
account under subparagraph (A).
`(3) CAPITAL GAINS GIFT AMOUNT- For purposes of this subsection, the
term `capital gains gift amount' means, for any year, the amount to which
the rates of section 2502(b) apply with respect to such year, but not more
than the excess (if any) of--
`(B) the sum of the capital gains gift amounts for all preceding years
(determined without taking into account any gift made before the date of
the enactment of this paragraph).
`(4) GIFTS MADE BEFORE GIFT TAX CHANGE DATE-
`(A) IN GENERAL- For purposes of paragraph (1)(B), the amount
allowable as a credit to an individual under this section for a preceding
calendar period with respect to any gift made before the gift tax change
date shall be the amount which would have been allowable to the individual
as a credit under this section with respect to such gift--
`(i) if this section and section 2001(b), as in effect on the day
after the date of the enactment of this paragraph, had been in effect
for the year of such gift and all preceding calendar periods,
and
`(ii) without regard to the parenthetical contained in paragraph
(3)(B).
`(B) GIFT MADE BEFORE GIFT TAX CHANGE DATE- For purposes of this
section, the term `gift made before gift tax change date' means a gift
made before the date of the enactment of this paragraph (other than a gift
taken into account under subsection (b)).'
(3) CONFORMING AMENDMENT- Subsection (b) of section 2502 of such Code is
amended by adding at the end the following new flush sentence:
`In connection with the gift tax imposed by this chapter for the calendar
year in which this sentence is enacted with respect to gifts made on or after
the date of such enactment, the term `preceding calendar period' shall include
the portion of such calendar year which precedes such date of enactment.'
(d) ESTATES OF NONRESIDENT ALIENS-
(A) IN GENERAL- Subsection (b) of section 2101 of such Code (relating
to tax imposed on estates of nonresident aliens) is amended to read as
follows:
`(b) COMPUTATION OF TAX- The tax imposed by this section shall be the
amount equal to the tax computed under section 2001(b) (determined as if
section 2001 applied to the decedent).'
(B) CONFORMING AMENDMENT- Section 2101 of such Code is amended by
striking subsection (c).
(2) CREDITS AGAINST TAX- Section 2102 of such Code (relating to credits
against estate tax for nonresidents not citizens) is amended by adding at
the end the following new subsection:
`(d) ADJUSTMENT OF AMOUNTS TO REFLECT UNIFIED CREDIT CHANGES- The
Secretary shall by regulation adjust the dollar amounts provided in this
section to reflect, in a proportionate manner, the changes made to sections
2010 and 2505 on the date of the enactment of this subsection.'
(e) EFFECTIVE DATE- The amendments made by this section shall apply to
estates of decedents dying on or after, and gifts made on or after, the date
of the enactment of this Act.
SEC. 3. TAX ON TRUSTS WHEN GRANTOR DIES.
(a) IN GENERAL- Subpart A of part I of subchapter J of chapter 1 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following
new section:
`SEC. 646. ASSETS MARKED TO MARKET WHEN GRANTOR DIES.
`(a) IN GENERAL- For purposes of this title, on the death of any
individual who has contributed property to a trust--
`(1) the trust shall recognize gain or loss as if all property so
contributed by the decedent which is contained in the trust were sold for
its fair market value on the date of such death,
`(2) such gain or loss shall be taken into account for the taxable year
of the trust in which such death occurs, and
`(3) proper adjustment shall be made in the amount of any gain or loss
subsequently realized for gain or loss taken into account under paragraph
(2).
`(b) PROPERTY CONTRIBUTED BY PARTNERSHIP OR CORPORATION- For purposes of
this section, the Secretary may by regulations provide that property
contributed to a trust by a partnership or corporation shall be treated as
contributed by the individual having a greater than 50 percent interest in
such partnership or owning more than 50 percent of the stock of such
corporation. For purposes of this subsection, rules similar to the rules of
section 318 (relating to constructive ownership of stock) shall apply.
`(c) PROPORTIONATE APPLICATION- If any property was contributed to a trust
partially by the decedent and partially by another person, the portion of such
property so contributed by the decedent shall be treated as a separate asset
for purposes of this title and subsection (a) shall apply to such portion.
`(d) COORDINATION WITH INCLUSION IN TAXABLE ESTATE- This section shall not
apply to the portion of any trust which is included in the taxable estate of
any individual.'
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT- The table of sections for subpart A of part I of
subchapter J of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the
following new item:
`Sec. 646. Assets marked to market when grantor dies.'
(1) IN GENERAL- Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made
by this section shall apply with respect to decedents dying on or after the
date of the enactment of this Act.
(2) TRUSTS CONTAINING PROPERTY CONTRIBUTED BY DECEDENTS DYING BEFORE
DATE OF ENACTMENT- For purposes of section 646 of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986 (as added by subsection (b)), any individual dying before the date
of the enactment of this Act shall be treated as dying on the date of the
enactment of this Act.
END