HR 397 IH
107th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 397
To conserve global bear populations by prohibiting the importation,
exportation, and interstate trade of bear viscera and items, products, or
substances containing, or labeled or advertised as containing, bear viscera, and
for other purposes.
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
February 6, 2001
Mr. GALLEGLY (for himself, Mr. BEREUTER, Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California,
Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut, Mr. LANTOS, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. LEACH,
Mr. TANCREDO, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, Mr. PALLONE, Mr. SHAYS, Mr. SMITH of
Washington, Mr. WHITFIELD, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. KOLBE, Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. GREENWOOD,
Mr. BERMAN, Mr. HORN, Mr. WEXLER, Mr. MICA, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. BASS, Ms. LEE, Mr.
BOEHLERT, Mr. KLECZKA, Mr. INSLEE, Mr. NADLER, Mrs. MALONEY of New York, Ms.
WOOLSEY, Ms. PELOSI, Mr. DOYLE, Mr. BOUCHER, Ms. NORTON, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. OLVER,
Ms. BALDWIN, Mr. PRICE of North Carolina, Ms. RIVERS, Mr. HOLT, Mr. NEAL of
Massachusetts, Mr. BENTSEN, Mr. BLAGOJEVICH, Mr. LAMPSON, Mr. FILNER, Mr.
PASCRELL, Ms. ESHOO, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. ROTHMAN, Mrs. MINK of
Hawaii, Mr. SIMMONS, Mr. WEINER, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. COSTELLO, Mr. LUTHER, Mr.
KUCINICH, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN, Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. THOMPSON of
California, Mr. LIPINSKI, Mr. GREEN of Wisconsin, Mr. EVANS, Mr. DELAHUNT, Mr.
PHELPS, Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. BAIRD, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. EHLERS, Ms. MCKINNEY, Ms.
ROYBAL-ALLARD, Mr. FRANK, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. TIERNEY, and Mr. STARK) introduced the
following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Resources, and in
addition to the Committees on International Relations, and Ways and Means, for a
period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for
consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the
committee concerned
A BILL
To conserve global bear populations by prohibiting the importation,
exportation, and interstate trade of bear viscera and items, products, or
substances containing, or labeled or advertised as containing, bear viscera, and
for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the `Bear Protection Act of 2001'.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
(1) all 8 extant species of bear--Asian black bear, brown bear, polar
bear, American black bear, spectacled bear, giant panda, sun bear, and sloth
bear--are listed on Appendix I or II of the Convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249)
(referred to in this section as `CITES');
(2) Article XIV of CITES provides that Parties to CITES may adopt
stricter domestic measures regarding the conditions for trade, taking,
possession, or transport of species listed on Appendix I or II, and the
Parties to CITES adopted a resolution in 1997 (Conf. 10.8) urging the
Parties to take immediate action to demonstrably reduce the illegal trade in
bear parts;
(3) thousands of bears in Asia are cruelly confined in small cages to be
milked for their bile, and the wild Asian bear population has declined
significantly in recent years, as a result of habitat loss and poaching due
to a strong demand for bear viscera used in traditional medicines and
cosmetics;
(4) Federal and State undercover operations have revealed that American
bears have been poached for their viscera;
(5) while most American black bear populations are generally stable or
increasing, commercial trade could stimulate poaching and threaten certain
populations if the demand for bear viscera increases; and
(6) prohibitions against the importation into the United States and
exportation from the United States, as well as prohibitions against the
interstate trade, of bear viscera and products containing, or labeled or
advertised as containing, bear viscera will assist in ensuring that the
United States does not contribute to the decline of any bear population as a
result of the commercial trade in bear viscera.
SEC. 3. PURPOSES.
The purpose of this Act is to ensure the long-term viability of the
world's 8 bear species by--
(1) prohibiting interstate and international trade in bear viscera and
products containing, or labeled or advertised as containing, bear
viscera;
(2) encouraging bilateral and multilateral efforts to eliminate such
trade; and
(3) ensuring that adequate Federal legislation exists with respect to
domestic trade in bear viscera and products containing, or labeled or
advertised as containing, bear viscera.
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS.
(1) BEAR VISCERA- The term `bear viscera' means the body fluids or
internal organs, including the gallbladder and its contents but not
including blood or brains, of a species of bear.
(2) IMPORT- The term `import' means to land on, bring into, or introduce
into any place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, whether or
not the landing, bringing, or introduction constitutes an importation within
the meaning of the customs laws of the United States.
(3) PERSON- The term `person' means--
(A) an individual, corporation, partnership, trust, association, or
other private entity;
(B) an officer, employee, agent, department, or instrumentality
of--
(i) the Federal Government;
(ii) any State, municipality, or political subdivision of a State;
or
(iii) any foreign government;
(C) any other entity subject to the jurisdiction of the United
States.
(4) SECRETARY- The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of the
Interior.
(5) STATE- The term `State' means a State, the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Commonwealth of
the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, and any other territory,
commonwealth, or possession of the United States.
(6) TRANSPORT- The term `transport' means to move, convey, carry, or
ship by any means, or to deliver or receive for the purpose of movement,
conveyance, carriage, or shipment.
SEC. 5. PROHIBITED ACTS.
(a) IN GENERAL- Except as provided in subsection (b), a person shall
not--
(1) import into, or export from, the United States bear viscera or any
product, item, or substance containing, or labeled or advertised as
containing, bear viscera; or
(2) sell or barter, offer to sell or barter, purchase, possess,
transport, deliver, or receive, in interstate or foreign commerce, bear
viscera or any product, item, or substance containing, or labeled or
advertised as containing, bear viscera.
(b) EXCEPTION FOR WILDLIFE LAW ENFORCEMENT PURPOSES- A person described in
subparagraph (B) of section 4(3) may import into, or export from, the United
States, or transport between States, bear viscera or any product, item, or
substance containing, or labeled or advertised as containing, bear viscera if
the importation, exportation, or transportation--
(1) is solely for purposes of enforcing laws relating to the protection
of wildlife; and
(2) is authorized by a valid permit issued under Appendix I or II of the
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora (27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249), in any case in which such a permit is
required under the Convention.
SEC. 6. PENALTIES AND ENFORCEMENT.
(a) CRIMINAL PENALTIES- A person that knowingly violates section 5 shall
be fined under title 18, United States Code, imprisoned not more than 1 year,
or both.
(1) AMOUNT- A person that knowingly violates section 5 may be assessed a
civil penalty by the Secretary of not more than $25,000 for each
violation.
(2) MANNER OF ASSESSMENT AND COLLECTION- A civil penalty under this
subsection shall be assessed, and may be collected, in the manner in which a
civil penalty under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 may be assessed and
collected under section 11(a) of that Act (16 U.S.C. 1540(a)).
(c) SEIZURE AND FORFEITURE- Any bear viscera or any product, item, or
substance exported, imported, sold, bartered, attempted to be exported,
imported, sold, bartered, offered for sale or barter, purchased, possessed,
transported, delivered, or received in violation of this section (including
any regulation issued under this section) shall be seized and forfeited to the
United States.
(d) REGULATIONS- After consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and
the United States Trade Representative, the Secretary shall issue such
regulations as are necessary to carry out this section.
(e) ENFORCEMENT- The Secretary, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the
Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating shall
enforce this section in the manner in which the Secretaries carry out
enforcement activities under section 11(e) of the Endangered Species Act of
1973 (16 U.S.C. 1540(e)).
(f) USE OF PENALTY AMOUNTS- Amounts received as penalties, fines, or
forfeiture of property under this section shall be used in accordance with
section 6(d) of the Lacey Act Amendments of 1981 (16 U.S.C. 3375(d)).
SEC. 7. DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING BEAR CONSERVATION AND THE BEAR PARTS
TRADE.
The Secretary shall continue discussions concerning trade in bear viscera
with the appropriate representatives of Parties to the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora and with
other representatives of countries that are not party to the Convention which
are determined by the Secretary and the United States Trade Representative to
be the leading importers, exporters, or consumers of bear viscera, in order to
seek to establish coordinated efforts with these countries to protect
bears.
SEC. 8. CERTAIN RIGHTS NOT AFFECTED.
Except as provided in section 5, nothing in this Act shall be construed to
affect the regulation by any State of its bear population or to affect the
hunting of bears that is lawful under applicable State laws and
regulations.
END