Copyright 2001 eMediaMillWorks, Inc.
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Federal Document Clearing House
Congressional Testimony
June 13, 2001, Wednesday
SECTION: CAPITOL HILL HEARING TESTIMONY
LENGTH: 3644 words
COMMITTEE:
SENATE APPROPRIATIONS
SUBCOMMITTEE:
VA, HUD, AND INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
HEADLINE: VA, HUD
APPROPRIATIONS
TESTIMONY-BY: CHRISTINE TODD WHITMAN,
ADMINISTRATOR
AFFILIATION: U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AGENCY
BODY: STATEMENT OF GOVERNOR
CHRISTINE TODD WHITMAN ADMINISTRATOR U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SENATE APPROPRIATIONS VA, HUD, AND INDEPENDENT AGENCIES SUBCOMMITTEE
HEARING ON THE PRESIDENT'S FY 2002 BUDGET REQUEST
June 13, 2001
Madam Chair and Members of the Subcommittee, I am pleased to be here to
discuss President Bush's request for EPA. The President's budget provides the
necessary funds for the Agency to carry out our mission efficiently and
effectively - to protect human health and safeguard the environment. The FY 2002
request is $
7.3 billion, a $
56 million
increase above last year's budget request.
The President's budget
request for EPA reflects a commitment to increase partnerships across America to
develop innovative environmental programs that ensure stewardship of our land,
air, and water for generations to come. This request provides the resources and
vision necessary to reach our nation's environmental mission to protect the
environment and human health. Each day, America's communities are developing
environmental experience and expertise. Sharing this expertise with the Agency
will help us fulfill its mission. The states and tribes receive about half of
EPA's budget, because they are the innovators and energizers and are on the
front line in implementing and enforcing our environmental statutes. The FY 2002
request for states, tribes and EPA partners is $
3.3 billion,
almost $
500 million more than was requested by the previous
Administration.
The President's request for EPA reflects a commitment to
provide more flexibility to states and local communities to craft solutions to
meet their unique environmental needs.
New Enforcement
Grant Program
The President's Budget for FY 2002
includes $
25 million for
grants to state
enforcement programs. Each year, the states conduct about 95% of the nation's
environmental compliance inspections and take about 90% of the enforcement
actions. This
grant program will benefit the national
environmental enforcement program by providing states much-needed funds to
enhance their enforcement efforts in delegated environmental programs. EPA
envisions a program which includes three ingredients: a program for which there
is accountability for results, flexibility to use the dollars to address state
environmental priorities, and a program that is simple and efficient to
administer. Over the next several months, EPA plans to work with the states to
develop specific guidelines for the
grant program. As we
proceed through this process, we will keep the Subcommittee informed of our
progress.
Information Exchange Network
The budget request also
includes a $
25 million program intended to improve the states'
environmental information systems. This program will help states and EPA create
the necessary infrastructure to efficiently exchange information electronically,
which will reduce burden, improve accuracy and inform decision-making. This
request reflects two years of collaboration with the states, with whom EPA has
created a Network blueprint to improve the nation-wide exchange of environmental
information. As an example of our ongoing efforts with the states in this area,
in June 2001 all states will have the opportunity to begin submitting their Air
Emissions Inventory data using the Information Exchange Network, demonstrating
the progress made so far.
Superfund
This budget continues a
commitment to clean up toxic waste sites with $
1.3 billion for
the Superfund program. The Agency's Superfund program responds to the needs of
states, communities and the public to address contamination from uncontrolled
releases of toxic wastes that threaten human health, the environment and local
economies. The Superfund program not only protects human health and the
environment through the cleanup of toxic waste sites, but works with both public
and private partners to promote redevelopment of Superfund sites. The
President's budget proposes funding Superfund at the FY 2001 appropriated level.
Cleanup construction is under way or completed at 92% of the 1,458 sites
on the Federal National Priority List (NPL). In FY 2002, the Superfund program
and its partners will complete construction at 65 private and Federal sites.
This target reflects funding reductions in prior fiscal years and the number of
large, complex sites now entering the construction phase of the Superfund
pipeline. By the end of FY 2002, EPA will have undertaken more than 6,800
removals at hazardous waste sites to immediately reduce the threat to human
health and the environment.
Working with our Federal partners to clean
up Federal Facilities, the FY 2002 budget includes resources to support
continuing cleanup oversight, technical assistance and property transfer at
Federal NPL and Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) sites. Efforts to support
the Department of Defense's (DOD's) BRAC property transfer program have created
jobs and accelerated the availability of more than '150,000 acres for reuse.
Brownfields
In the President's FY 2002 budget, the brownfields
program request is increased by $
5 million above last year's
enacted level, for a total of $
98 million. These resources will
be used to ml provide additional support for State Voluntary Cleanup Programs
and the Brownfields Assessment Demonstration Pilot program. The FY 2002 funding
request provides the resources necessary to award 38 communities new Brownfields
Assessment Demonstration Pilots, 29 new Brownfields Cleanup Revolving Loan Fund
pilots, and 10 new job training pilots. The request includes supplemental
funding for all three existing pilot programs, the existing 28 Showcase
communities, and for state/tribal voluntary cleanup programs.
President
Bush has made the clean up and redevelopment of brownfields and the enactment of
brownfields legislation a priority. The brownfields program is an urban
redevelopment tool that provides an alternative to the development of
greenfields, and plays a key role in the Administration's goal of building
strong and healthy communities for the 21st century. The Agency estimates that
the brownfields program has leveraged more than an estimated
$
2.9 billion in cleanup and redevelopment funds. Through the
EPA program, states, tribes and local communities have assessed more than 2,500
sites.
Water Infrastructure Funding
The
President's budget includes $
2.1 billion in
grants to states for
water infrastructure to
ensure that safe and clean water is supplied in every American community. With
respect to wastewater infrastructure, the Administration proposes
.3 )
billion for grants to states in FY 2002, $500
million more than the previous Administration's FY 2001 request. Included in the
wastewater infrastructure request is a new $450 million
grant program to assist local communities in addressing
infrastructure needs related to Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) and Sanitary
Sewer Overflows (SSOs) to address the largest remaining municipal wastewater
problem, and $850 million for continued capitalization of state
Clean Water State Revolving Loan Funds (CWSRF). The CWSRF investment keeps EPA
on track with our commitment to meet the goal for the CWSRF to provide
$2 billion average in annual financial assistance over the
long-term even after Federal assistance ends.
Supporting Core Water
Quality Programs
The President's request fully maintains support for
EPA's core water quality programs, including $170 million in
grants to states under Clean Water Act Section 106 to manage
water quality programs and $237 million for
grants under the Section 319 non point source program to
address polluted runoff. We recommend the elimination of the cap on Section 319
grants to Indian Tribes. This budget includes
$2 million for "BEACHES" grants to support the
development of beach monitoring and notification programs at the state and local
level.
In addition, the budget maintains support for EPA's most critical
core programs including efforts to:
4.Work cooperatively with states to
develop Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for the states most impaired waters;
Train and provide technical assistance to states to aid in the adoption
and implementation of new drinking water standards;
Reduce the backlog
of expired wastewater discharge permits under the National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES); and
Work to ensure that states have
protective, up-to-date water quality standards in place.
The budget also
maintains funding of $75 million to address priority water and
wastewater infrastructure needs along the U.S.- Mexico border, and
$35 million to support much needed water and wastewater
projects in Alaska rural and Native Villages. Also, in recognition of the lack
of basic wastewater infrastructure that exists in much of Indian Country, the
President is proposing to extend authority granted by the Congress for the
current fiscal year that allows the Agency to reserve up to one-and-a-half
percent of funds appropriated for the Clean Water SRFs for wastewater
grants to tribes.
Drinking Water SRF
With
regard to drinking water, the Administration proposes to maintain capitalization
of the drinking water SRF at current levels in FY 2002, $823
million. By the end of FY 2002, state drinking water SRFs will have awarded
2,400 loans, with about 850 SRF funded projects having initiated operations by
that date.
In addition, the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996
included a provision that allows states flexibility to transfer funds between
their clean water and drinking water SRFs in order to address their most
compelling infrastructure needs. Under the President's Budget, the
Administration is proposing to allow states to continue to exercise this
important flexibility.
Taken together, the Administration's budget will
help communities across the country address their most critical clean water and
drinking water priorities.
Ensuring Clean Air
The President's FY
2002 budget request maintains current funding for EPA's clean air program,
allowing us to continue the progress of past years. Almost $220
million or 40 percent of the $565 million in our budget request
would go to our state, tribal, and local partners to help them carry out their
responsibilities under the Clean Air Act.
In 1990, Congress passed the
Clean Air Act Amendments with overwhelming support, setting ambitious air
pollution reduction goals. Since then, the nation has achieved unprecedented
success in cleaning our air and protecting public health. Working with state,
tribal, and local partners, we have achieved these successes through
rulemakings, voluntary measures, market mechanisms, and stakeholder
consultation. Despite the substantial progress, many challenges remain.
Examples of Clean Air Act successes include the fact that the air in our
cities is cleaner than it has been in a long time. Nationally, average air
quality levels have improved for all five of the six common pollutants subject
to air quality standards. There have been dramatic increases in the number of
areas with clean air and more areas will come into compliance with national
clean air health standards in FY 2002.
Our cars and fuels are cleaner.
The average new car is 90 percent cleaner (in terms of emissions) than in 1970;
over 30 percent of the nation's gasoline is now cleaner-burning, reformulated
gasoline. We will implement the tightest emissions standards ever for cars,
gasoline and the first tailpipe standards that apply equally to cars, as well as
sport utility vehicles (SUVs), pick- up trucks and minivans.
We have
issued technology-based air toxics rules, or MACT standards, that by 2002 we
believe will cut industrial air toxics by a cumulative 40% from 1993 levels or
1.5 million tons per year. Through FY 2000, emissions of air toxics have
declined 30 percent since MACT and the auto emission standards that began to be
implemented in 199' ). The FY 2002 budget request includes the resources needed
to complete the last round of MACT standards.
In the Acid Rain Program,
electric utilities have cut sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions by approximately 28
percent or 5 million tons and have cut rainfall acidity in the East by up to 25
percent. When Title IV is fully implemented in 2010, S02 and nitrogen oxide (NOJ
reductions will provide health benefits, mostly from a reduction in annual cases
of premature mortality. Acid rain control will also produce significant benefits
in terms of improved visibility, lowered surface water acidity, and less damage
to high elevation forests and materials. However, recent ecological studies show
that acid rain is still a problem. We look forward to working with the Congress
on a multi-pollutant strategy to require power plants to further reduce
emissions of S02 and NO,.
Although substantial progress has been made,
it is important not to lose sight of the magnitude of the air pollution problem
that still remains. Over 150 million tons of air pollution were released into
the air in 1999 in the United States, and approximately 62 million people lived
in counties where monitored data showed unhealthy air for one or more of the six
common pollutants.
In FY 2002 we will continue our work with states to
reduce transported emissions of nitrogen oxides that contribute significantly to
urban smog in downwind areas. Currently, 15 of the 19 states subject to the NOx
SIP call have plans that EPA has approved or expects to approve. When fully
implemented, the NOx SIP call will achieve nearly a million ton reduction in NOx
emissions. One of the other key measures will be an expansion of the existing
nine-state, market-based allowance trading system to additional states. During
FY 2002 we will be re- engineering the information technology support structure
for the allowance and emissions tracking systems to provide for improved public
access and timely exchange of data with state partners.
Addressing
Global Warming
To address the challenge of global warming, we are
requesting $145 million for voluntary and climate change
science programs for FY 2002. Under this budget, EPA will continue its
partnership efforts with businesses, organizations, and consumers to achieve
greenhouse gas reductions by taking advantage of the many voluntary
opportunities to reduce pollution and energy bills by fostering energy efficient
programs, products, technologies, and cost-effective renewable energy.
As a result of work already under way, EPA's performance goals with FY
2002 funding are to:
reduce greenhouse gas emissions annually by over 7
million metric tons of carbon equivalent, offsetting about 20 percent of the
growth in greenhouse gas emissions above 1990 levels;
reduce other forms
of pollution, including reducing NOx emissions by about 180,000 tons;
reduce U.S. energy consumption by more than 85 billion kilowatt hours,
contributing to over $10 billion in energy savings to consumers
and businesses; and
contribute to developing a new generation of fuel
efficient and low-polluting cars and trucks.
The opportunity to save on
our nation's $600 billion annual energy bill over the next
decade while reducing air pollution is tremendous. The opportunity to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions is also large. We currently expect that more than half
of the nation's greenhouse gas emissions in ten years from now will come from
equipment that will be purchased between now and then. Fully funding EPA's
voluntary energy efficiency programs will help capitalize on this tremendous
opportunity for consumers, businesses, and organizations to make smarter
equipment purchasing and investment decisions leading to a significant reduction
of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants. In addition, EPA will
expand its voluntary partnership efforts in the transportation sector. Voluntary
initiatives to reduce vehicle miles traveled have enormous potential to provide
near- term reductions in energy consumption, air pollution and greenhouse gas
emissions.
Ensuring Safe Food and Protecting the Public from Harmful
Chemicals
The President's 2002 Budget request supports the important
work of applying the latest science to ensure industrial chemicals and
pesticides meet today's safety standards. The budget also supports the
complementary protections brought through pollution prevention and voluntary
partnerships.
For our pesticides programs, we have carried forward
earlier increases, maintaining the registration program at $41
million to keep a steady flow of new pesticides coming onto the market, many of
which are based on innovative and safer chemistry. Likewise we maintain our
commitment to reviewing older pesticides, ensuring they meet Food Quality
Protection Act (FQPA) standards while at the same time working with growers and
the agricultural industry to help make a smooth transition to safer pesticides.
In August 2002 we expect to meet our second statutory deadline for tolerance
reassessments, completing an additional 2,527 and meeting the 66% of the 9,721
reassessments required in the law.
This budget request includes
$46 million for our new and existing chemicals programs.
Chemicals are in all the products and services we enjoy in our daily lives. The
$14 million High Production Volume Chemical Challenge program
aims to gather health and safety information for the public to make better
informed choices. As part of the HPV voluntary program, 469 companies committed
to provide basic information about 2,155 chemicals. The budget request of
$20 million will support partnerships with states and private
industry on pollution prevention projects, reducing use or exposure to chemicals
to reduce potential risks most especially those chemicals that persist in our
environment, collect or bioaccumulate in our bodies, and have adverse or toxic
effects in the environment and on human health.
In both the pesticide
and the chemical programs we continue to place special emphasis on reducing
potential risks to children and other vulnerable populations. Emerging science
is focusing our attention on chemicals that may harm animal or human endocrine
systems, and we are working with the scientific community to find ways to
identify those chemicals as part of our endocrine disruptor program.
Let
me mention here that the budget assumes no impediment to promulgating the final
pesticide tolerance fee rule in 2002, and you will see that the request levels
for the re-registration and the tolerance reassessment programs reflect that
change, namely from a re-registration maintenance fee to a tolerance fee. These
two critical programs are fully supported with $52 million in
appropriated funds if a new fee is in place in 2002 and we will be working with
you on this issue over the coming months.
Sound Science
Environmental policy should always be based on the soundest information
available. The role of environmental science has become more critical than ever
in making policy decisions, thereby, improving our ability to sustain natural
resources while maintaining public trust and the integrity of our world's
ecosystem. Science has played a vital role in improving America's environment -
from targeting priority chemicals concerns, better characterizing sources of
pollution and designing control strategies. While we must also realize that
science and public policy proceed along fundamentally different time lines, we
will continue to use the best available science and scientific analyses to aid
in the development of environmental policy.
EPA's FY 2002 President's
budget supports a strong and rigorous research program. The FY 2002 request
includes $535 million for the Office of Research and
Development (ORD), reflecting an increase of $5 million over
the previous administrations FY 2001 request. This request will allow the Agency
to support a research program focused on addressing key environmental concerns
such as the health effects of small particles in order to assure promulgation of
standards that protect human health, and heightened interest in better
addressing in Agency decisions the unique susceptibilities of children to
potential environmental health threats. The Agency's request will also continue
to support the Global Change research program focusing efforts on assessment
activities examining the potential consequences of global change and climate
variability on human health, air quality, water quality and ecosystem health.
In addition to supporting a strong intramural science program at the
Agency, the FY 2002 request provides $110 million for the
Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program which includes competitively awarded
grants and fellowships. The STAR program continues to
successfully engage the best environmental scientists and engineers from
academia through a variety of competitive, peer reviewed
grants. In addition, the Agency will continue its highly
successful Postdoctoral program to hire scientists and engineers who provide a
dynamic infusion of intellectual energy and state-of-the-science expertise, as
well as assist the Agency in addressing long range research workforce planning
needs.
summary
Madam Chair and Members of the Subcommittee, the
President's FY 2002 Budget for EPA provides the resources and vision necessary
to reach our Nation's environmental mission to protect the environment and human
health. This budget represents this Administration's commitment to work with our
environmental partners to develop innovative environmental programs that ensure
stewardship of our land, air, and water for generations to come. This concludes
my prepared statement. I would be pleased to answer any questions that you may
have.
LOAD-DATE: June 14, 2001