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Rest assured that any time would-be reformers
challenge federal farm policy, the subsidies that are the hallmark
of that policy will be rigorously defended in the name of family
farmers. Without subsidies, legislators protest, that poor creature,
the family farmer, will become a thing of the past.
The sad truth of the matter is that too many family farmers have
already gone the way of the buffalo, and farm policy hasn't helped
matters any. To the contrary, even a cursory examination of the
figures shows that federal farm subsidies are, in fact, skewed
toward big agribusiness, not local, family-run operations.
According to USDA figures, 64 percent of America's farmers
receive no direct government funding whatsoever. What’s more, from
1997 to 1999, the top 10 percent of those farmers who did receive
payments from the principal farm program collected, on average,
$96,000 per year as compared to $1,200 for the bottom 50 percent of
recipients. According to the Environmental Working Group, Tyler
Farms, an Arkansas partnership that controls 40,000 acres –- an area
about the size of Washington, D.C. -– received $24 million dollars
in federal subsidies over a period of 5 years.
Does that smell a little peculiar to you? Well, it should. As the
late Texas financier, Clint Murchison, once said: "Money is like
manure. If you spread it around, it does a lot of good, but if you
pile it up in one place, it stinks like hell."
Well, while you’re chewing on that, here’s some more food
for thought:
- Average annual expenditures on federal farm programs for
fiscal years 1995-1997: $7.5 billion
- Average annual expenditures to be considered in upcoming farm
bill: $20 billion
- Federal farm program expenditures in fiscal year 2000: $32
billion
- Estimated number of family farms in America when New Deal
programs were initiated (1933-1935): 6-7 million
- Estimated number of family farms in America today: fewer than
2 million
- Percentage of American farmers who are 65 or older: 25
- Percentage change in the number of farms between 1987 and
1997: -12.5
- Percentage change in farm jobs in the most farming-dependent
counties between 1990 and 1997: -6.4
- Percentage of pork producers now controlling total American
hog market: 3
- Percentage of cattle producers now controlling total cattle
market: 2
- Percentage of rural children in the U.S. who live in poverty:
20
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Figures collected from the report, "Food for Thought, The Case for Reforming Farm Programs
to Preserve the Environment and Help Family Farmers, Ranchers and
Foresters." Environmental Defense, 2001.
Photo courtesy Tim McCabe, USDA.
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